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01Hello World
Introduction to C programming, first program, compilation process, basic program structure.
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02Data Types
Fundamental data types in C: int, float, double, char. Size, ranges, and usage examples.
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03Type Conversions
Implicit and explicit type conversions, casting, type promotion, and conversion rules.
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04Operators
Arithmetic, relational, logical, bitwise, and assignment operators with examples.
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05Operator Precedence
Operator precedence and associativity rules, expression evaluation order.
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06Conditional Statements
If, if-else, nested if, and conditional operators for decision making.
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07Loops
For, while, and do-while loops. Loop control with break and continue statements.
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08Switch Statements
Switch-case statements, break, default case, and multi-way branching.
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09Arrays
One-dimensional arrays, declaration, initialization, traversal, and operations.
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102D Arrays
Two-dimensional arrays, matrix operations, row-column access patterns.
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11Strings
Character arrays, string manipulation, string library functions, input/output.
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12Functions
Function declaration, definition, parameters, return values, recursion basics.
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13Structures
User-defined data types, structure declaration, member access, nested structures.
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14Pointers Basics
Pointer fundamentals, address-of operator, dereference operator, pointer arithmetic.
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15Pointers and Arrays
Array-pointer relationship, pointer arithmetic with arrays, array traversal using pointers.
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16Pointers and Strings
String manipulation using pointers, pointer vs array for strings, string operations.
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17Pointers and Structures
Structure pointers, arrow operator, self-referential structures, linked lists.
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18Dynamic Memory Allocation
malloc, calloc, realloc, free. Dynamic arrays, 2D arrays, jagged arrays, memory leaks.
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19Stack vs Heap
Stack memory, heap memory, LIFO behavior, function calls, memory persistence.
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20Recursion
Recursive functions, base case, recursive case. Examples: factorial, fibonacci, Tower of Hanoi.
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21Enums and Unions
Enumerations for named constants, unions for shared memory, tagged unions.
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22Multifile Compilation
Header files, include guards, extern variables, static functions, compilation process.
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23C Preprocessor
Macros, conditional compilation, predefined macros, stringification, token pasting.
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24File I/O
File operations, fopen, fclose, fprintf, fscanf, fread, fwrite. Text and binary files.